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Jim Basch
1st February 2006, 05:35 PM
Per our conversation on strawberry packing, making a quick post on High Performance Work Systems aka Self-directed Work Teams, and some other names as well :)

Feel free to "google" for more depth, but basically, a high performance work system attempts to elicit commitment from workers as opposed to using a more command and control type structure. The concept dates back well into the 20th century so it's not new by any means.

I applied the concept at a semiconductor capital equipment mfg'r a couple years ago when I was a team leader working w/about 15 test technicians. I proposed that cost of training the techs to work in this new system would be well covered by the increase in throughput that we would see (see "financial metrics" thread details on cost/benefit analysis).

At the end, we had a very good quarter at the company but there was no way to attribute the success directly to our high performance work system as there were so many other groups involved. I did measure our employee satisfaction against other groups and job satisfaction was higher, but alas no hard evidence using financial metrics.

One thing that we did notice though was that labor efficiency seemed to improve as it took less techs to test and calibrate our product. So instead of 1 tech working on 1 product at a time, we found that 1 tech was working on 2 to 3 products at a time.

Since this experiment, we have been fine-tuning our approach to applying high performance work systems in our mfg environment focusing on improving labor costs and efficiencies and we have a lot to learn. I've also tried to incorporate gain sharing into all this where the company shares the financial benefits of cost efficiencies and profit gains with direct labor but will save that one for now :)

Also of interest, the increased efficiency implies loss of jobs, but actually, since implementing, rather than seeing a net loss of jobs, we have added or are in process of adding different, more challenging jobs. Too, many team members have been able to move into some new challenging roles as well and we've hired more people. Of course I defer to macro econ influences here as well but maybe we can cautiously say "limited success" with this.

Maybe there are some implications for other industries or not-I defer to my fellow seminar members on this. And too, looking forward to learning from our continued coversations. thx, Jim

Craig Thompson
2nd February 2006, 12:41 PM
Interesting stuff Jim. Could you please provide more details about your experience of this High Performance Work Systems?

I gather the teams were provided more training than under the old system, yes? What was the nature of the training?

Do I read correctly that you believe you observed greater display of employee motivation and efficiency. Do you attribute that to the individual team members rising to the challenge and respect offered by greater autonomy?

Were there any new direct or indirect incentives offered to the team members? For example, were their cash or other rewards offered in proportion to performance?

Did the team members feel more accountable? That is, under the new system did they believe individual good or bad performance would be more visible to management?

Did any sort of competition develop between peer teams?

Did the company have any long term employees who resisted or even attempted to sabotage the High Performance Work System? How was it "sold" to the employees? How did the employees initially accept the new system, with caution or enthusiasm?

Did the employees participate in the design of the new system, or was it basically "handed" to them with a "this is how its gonna be"?

Cheers, Craig

Jim Basch
2nd February 2006, 01:46 PM
Hi Craig, thx for the reply and here’s some more detail, hope this helps and please let me know if you have futher q’s. -Jim

I gather the teams were provided more training than under the old system, yes? What was the nature of the training?

Jim: Yes, the teams were provided with more training. The nature of the training included study in High Performance Work Teams/Self-Directed Work Teams, Finance, Organziational Behavior and Design, Theory of Constraints, and proprietary technical training. The training was performed in classroom settings and in practicum on the mfg floor.

Do I read correctly that you believe you observed greater display of employee motivation and efficiency.

Jim: Yes.

Do you attribute that to the individual team members rising to the challenge and respect offered by greater autonomy?

Jim: Autonomy was certainly a big contributer but too there was a greater flow of information to the team about customers, finances, planning, and strategy which seemed to motivate them futher.

Were there any new direct or indirect incentives offered to the team members? For example, were their cash or other rewards offered in proportion to performance?

Jim: About a third of the way through the training, I arranged for a team spot bonus to reinforce some positive team behaviors. Aside from that, there were no other material rewards initially and that was by design-I might have to take a separate reply to talk about this because it seems to be such a critical component in securing commitment from employees. Thx for your patience on this.

Did the team members feel more accountable? That is, under the new system did they believe individual good or bad performance would be more visible to management?

Jim: Yes, they did appear to feel more accountable, and there was quite a bit of intra-team accountability. That is they were in many ways self-policing in all manner of their daily work routine.


Did any sort of competition develop between peer teams?

Jim: Yes, there was some competition between product lines using similar systems.

Did the company have any long term employees who resisted or even attempted to sabotage the High Performance Work System?

Jim: It wasn’t long-term employees so much as it was the supervision layer between direct labor and management layers. This layer of employee was most resistant overall and some never accepted the changes. The literature describes this phenomenon as well. Also, note, the program had one very staunch detractor in management-had this person not left the company for an unrelated reason, the program likely would never have launched.

How was it "sold" to the employees?

Jim:

• to direct labor it was sold as an experiment/pilot project
• to middle layer supervisors it was sold the same way w/additional assurance that certain aspects of this layer’s job would never change-they would be “grandfathered” so to speak
• to other managers, it was sold as an experiement/pilot


How did the employees initially accept the new system, with caution or enthusiasm?

Jim: Direct labor accepted with quite a bit of enthusiasm

Did the employees participate in the design of the new system, or was it basically "handed" to them with a "this is how its gonna be"?


Jim:

Direct labor contributed to design. Management and team leaders conveyed three basic needs and direct labor was guided on specifics:

• Increase throughput
• Decrease Inventory expense
• Decrease Operations expense

Gregorio Billikopf
6th February 2006, 12:11 PM
Thanks Jim for posting this, and Craig for the great questions. Jim, could you give a detailed example of how one specific change took place using the High Performance Work System? How might we do something similar with the straberry plant packers? Also, can you tell us more about the incentive pay philosophy associated with High Performance Work Systems? I noticed your comment about incentives using this approach, "that was by design."

ShaunJudgeDuvall
11th February 2006, 07:24 AM
Hi Jim,
I am just wondering what this is, can you describe it a little, and how could/would it be applied to a dairy?
Thanks,
Shaun

Jim Basch
11th February 2006, 09:18 AM
Hi Shaun, thanks for the reply and I'm working on posting replies this morning-more soon :) thanks again

Jim Basch
11th February 2006, 02:07 PM
Thanks Gregorio and Shaun for your replies. Per your questions and suggestions, I’ve attached a reply in this post covering items 1 and 2 below. I’ll try to post on items 3 and 4 below soon. Thanks! -Jim


1. Define and describe HPWS’s
2. Provide a detailed example of how a specific change took place at my work place using HPWS’s

3. Include a discussion on incentive pay philosophy associated with HPWS’s
4. How could HPWS be applied to Dairy or Plant Packers?

Jim Basch
12th February 2006, 01:13 PM
Thanks Gregorio and Shaun for your replies. Per your questions and suggestions, I’ve started a reply in this post covering items 3 and 4 below. Thanks! -Jim


1. Define and describe HPWS’s
2. Provide a detailed example of how a specific change took place at my work place using HPWS’s
3. Include a discussion on incentive pay philosophy associated with HPWS’s
4. How could HPWS be applied to Dairy or Plant Packers?