Dr. Stephens’ publications on Google Scholar
Articles are available for individuals to download. Do not distribute widely. If a paper does not have a PDF, email Dr. Stephens and he will send you a copy.
2024:
Carmignani, L., Hajilou, M., Cobian-Iñiguez, J., Finney, M., Stephens, S.L., Gollner, M.J., & Fernandez-Pello, C. (2024). Smoldering of wood: Effects of wind and fuel geometry. Fire Technology.
Northrop, H., Axelson, J.N., Das, A.J., Stephenson, N.L., Vilanova, E., Stephens, S.L., & Battles, J.J. (2024). Snag dynamics and surface fuel loads in the Sierra Nevada: Predicting the impact of the 2012–2016 drought. Forest Ecology and Management, 551, 121521. PDF
2023:
Cobian-Iñiguez, J., Richter, F., Carmignani, L., Liveretou, C., Xiong, H., Stephens, S., Finney, M., & Fernandez-Pello, C. (2023). Wind effects on smoldering behavior of simulated wildland fuels. Combustion Science and Technology, 195(13), 3212–3229.
Parisien, M-A., Barber, Q.E., Bourbonnais, M.L., Daniels, L.D., Flannigan, M.D., Gray, R.W., Hoffman, K.M., Jain, P., Stephens, S.L., Taylor, S.W., & Whitman, E. (2023). Abrupt, climate-induced increase in wildfires in British Columbia since the mid-2000s. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1), 309. PDF
Fertel, H.M., Collins, B.M., Lydersen, J.M., & Stephens, S.L. (2023). Vegetation type change in California’s Northern Bay Area: A comparison of contemporary and historical aerial imagery. Forest Ecology and Management, 542, 121102.
, Stephens, S.L., Silver, W.L., & Sousa, W.P. (2023). Removal of N-fixing vs. non-N-fixing herbs in postfire chaparral: Competition and contributions to soil N and C cycling. Ecosphere 14(8): e4607. PDF
Hankin, L.E., Anderson, C.T., Dickman, G.J., Bevington, P., & Stephens, S.L. (2023). How forest management changed the course of the Washburn fire and the fate of Yosemite’s giant sequoias (Sequoiadendron giganteum). Fire Ecology, 19(1), 40. PDF
, Steel, Z. L., Collings, , Fry, D.L., Gill, S.J., Rivera-Huerta, H., & Skinner, C.N. (2023). Climate and fire impacts on tree recruitment in mixed conifer forests in northwestern Mexico and California. Ecological Applications 33(4): e2844.
Low, K.E., Battles, J.J., Tompkins, R.E., Dillingham, C.P., Stephens, S.L., & Collins, B.M. (2023). Shaded fuel breaks create wildfire-resilient forest stands: Lessons from a long-term study in the Sierra Nevada. Fire Ecology, 19(1), 29. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Hall, L., Stephens, C.W., Bernal, A.A., & Collins, B.M. (2023). Degradation and restoration of Indigenous California black oak (Quercus kelloggii) stands in the northern Sierra Nevada. Fire Ecology, 19(1), 12. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Foster, D.E., Battles, J.J., Bernal, A.A., Collins, B.M., Hedges, R., Moghaddas, J.J., Roughton, A.T., & York, R.A. (2023). Forest restoration and fuels reduction work: Different pathways for achieving success in the Sierra Nevada. Ecological Applications, 34(2), e2932. PDF
2022:
Steel, Z.L., Jones, G.M., Collins, B.M., Green, R., Koltunov, A., Purcell, K.L., Sawyer, S.C., Slaton, M.R., Stephens, S.L., Stine, P. and Thompson, C., 2022. Mega‐disturbances cause rapid decline of mature conifer forest habitat in California. Ecological Applications e2763.
Malandra, F., Vitali, A., Morresi, D., Garbarino, M., Foster, D.E., Stephens, S.L. and Urbinati, C., 2022. Burn severity drivers in Italian large wildfires. Fire 5(6):180. PDF
Herbert, C., Haya, B.K., Stephens, S.L. and Butsic, V., 2022. Managing nature-based solutions in fire-prone ecosystems: Competing management objectives in California forests evaluated at a landscape scale. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 5:210. PDF
Crompton, O.V., Boisrame, G.F., Rakhmatulina, E., Stephens, S.L. and Thompson, S.E., 2022. Fire return intervals explain different vegetation cover responses to wildfire restoration in two Sierra Nevada basins. Forest Ecology and Management 521: 120429.
Margolis, E.Q., C.H. Guiterman, R.D. Chavardès, J.D. Coop, K. Copes-Gerbitz, D.A. Dawe, D.A. Falk, J.D. Johnston, E.Larson, H.Li, J.M. Marschall, C.E. Naficy, A.T. Naito, Marc-André Parisien, S. Parks, J. Portier, H.M. Poulos, K.M. Robertson, J.H. Speer, M. Stambaugh, T.W. Swetnam, A.J. T. Ichchha Thapa, C.D. Allen, Y. Bergeron, L.D. Daniels, P.Z. Fulé, D. Gervais, M.P. Girardin, G.L. Harley, J.E. Harvey, K.M. Hoffman, J.M. Huffman, M.D. Hurteau, L.B. Johnson, C.W. Lafon, M.K. Lopez, R.S. Maxwell, J. Meunier, M. North, M.T. Rother, M.R. Schmidt, R.L. Sherriff, L.A. Stachowiak, A. Taylor, E.J. Taylor, V. Trouet, M.L. Villarreal, L.L. Yocom, K.B. Arabas, A.H. Arizpe, D. Arseneault, A. Azpeleta Tarancón, C. Baisan, E. Bigio, F. Biondi, G.D. Cahalan, A. Caprio, J. Cerano-Paredes, B.M. Collins, D.C. Dey, I. Drobyshev, C. Farris, M. Adele Fenwick, W. Flatley, M.L. Floyd, Z. Gedalof, A. Holz, L.F. Howard, D.W. Huffman, J. Iniguez, K.F. Kipfmueller, S.G. Kitchen, K. Lombardo, D. McKenzie, A.G. Merschel, K.L. Metlen, J. Minor, C.D. O’Connor, L. Platt, W.J. Platt, T. Saladyga, A.B. Stan, S. Stephens, C. Sutheimer, R. Touchan, and P.J. Weisberg. 2022. The North American tree‐ring fire‐scar network. Ecosphere, 13(7) p.e4159. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Bernal, A.A., Collins, B.M., Finney, M.A., Lautenberger, C. and Saah, D., 2022. Mass fire behavior created by extensive tree mortality and high tree density not predicted by operational fire behavior models in the southern Sierra Nevada. Forest Ecology and Management 518 p.120258. PDF
Levine, J.I., Collins, B.M., Steel, Z.L., de Valpine, P. and Stephens, S.L., 2022. Higher incidence of high‐severity fire in and near industrially managed forests. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 20(7):397-404.
Bernal, A.A., Stephens, S.L., Collins, B.M. and Battles, J.J., 2022. Biomass stocks in California’s fire-prone forests: mismatch in ecology and policy. Environmental Research Letters 17(4): 044047. PDF
Tubbesing, C.L., Young, D.J., York, R.A., Stephens, S.L. and Battles, J.J., 2022. Incorporating shrub neighborhood dynamics to predict forest succession trajectories in an altered fire regime. Ecosystems 25(1):136-154. PDF
North, M.P., Tompkins, R.E., Bernal, A.A., Collins, B.M., Stephens, S.L. and York, R.A., 2022. Operational resilience in western US frequent-fire forests. Forest Ecology and Management 507 p.120004. PDF
Cobian-Iñiguez, J., Richter, F., Carmignani, L., Liveretou, C., Xiong, H., Stephens, S., Finney, M., Gollner, M. and Fernandez-Pello, C., 2022. Wind effects on smoldering behavior of simulated wildland fuels. Combustion Science and Technology 1-18.
Jones, G.M., Keyser, A.R., Westerling, A.L., Baldwin, W.J., Keane, J.J., Sawyer, S.C., Clare, J.D., Gutiérrez, R.J. and Peery, M.Z., 2022. Forest restoration limits megafires and supports species conservation under climate change. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 20(4):210-216.
York, R., Levine, J., Foster, D., Stephens, S. and Collins, B., 2022. Silviculture can facilitate repeat prescribed burn programs with long-term strategies. California Agriculture 75(3):104-111. PDF
2021:
R.K. Hagmann, P.F. Hessburg, S.J. Prichard, N.A. Povak, P.M. Brown, P.Z. Fulé, R.E. Keane, E.E. Knapp, J.M. Lydersen, K.L. Metlen, M.J. Reilly, A.J. Sánchez Meador, S.L. Stephens, J.T. Stevens, A.H. Taylor, L.L. Yocom, M.A. Battaglia, D.J. Churchill, L.D. Daniels, D.A. Falk, P. Henson, J.D. Johnston, M.A. Krawchuk, C.R. Levine, G.W. Meigs, A.G. Merschel, M.P. North, H.D. Safford, T.W. Swetnam, and A.E.M. Waltz. 2021. Evidence for widespread changes in the structure, composition, and fire regimes of western North American forests. Ecological Applications 31(8) p.e02431. PDF
Wilkin, K., Ponisio, L., Fry, D.L., Collins, B.M., Moody, T. and Stephens, S.L., 2021. Drivers of understory plant communities in Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forests with pyrodiversity. Fire Ecology 17(1):1-18. PDF
Moore, I.B., Collins, B.M., Foster, D.E., Tompkins, R.E., Stevens, J.T. and Stephens, S.L., 2021. Variability in wildland fuel patches following high-severity fire and post-fire treatments in the northern Sierra Nevada. International Journal of Wildland Fire 30(12):921-932.
North, M.P., York, R.A., Collins, B.M., Hurteau, M.D., Jones, G.M., Knapp, E.E., Kobziar, L., McCann, H., Meyer, M.D., Stephens, S.L. and Tompkins, R.E., 2021. Pyrosilviculture needed for landscape resilience of dry western United States forests. Journal of Forestry 119(5):520-544.
Steel, Z.L., Foster, D., Coppoletta, M., Lydersen, J.M., Stephens, S.L., Paudel, A., Markwith, S.H., Merriam, K. and Collins, B.M., 2021. Ecological resilience and vegetation transition in the face of two successive large wildfires. Journal of Ecology 109(9):3340-3355.
Stephens, S.L., Thompson, S., Boisramé, G., Collins, B.M., Ponisio, L.C., Rakhmatulina, E., Steel, Z.L., Stevens, J.T., van Wagtendonk, J.W. and Wilkin, K., 2021. Fire, water, and biodiversity in the Sierra Nevada: a possible triple win. Environmental Research Communications 3(8) p.081004. PDF
Collins, B.M., Bernal, A., York, R.A., Stevens, J.T., Juska, A. and Stephens, S.L., 2021. Mixed‐conifer forest reference conditions for privately owned timberland in the southern Cascade Range. Ecological Applications 31(7) p.e02400.
Rakhmatulina, E., Stephens, S. and Thompson, S., 2021. Soil moisture influences on Sierra Nevada dead fuel moisture content and fire risks. Forest Ecology and Management 496 p.119379.
Stephens, S.L., van Wagtendonk, J.W., Agee, J.K. and Wakimoto, R.H., 2021. Introduction to the article by Harold Biswell: Prescribed burning in Georgia and California compared. Fire Ecology 17:1-4. PDF
Steel, Z.L., Collins, B.M., Sapsis, D.B. and Stephens, S.L., 2021. Quantifying pyrodiversity and its drivers. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 288 p.20203202.
Dudney, J., York, R.A., Tubbesing, C.L., Roughton, A.T., Foster, D., Stephens, S.L. and Battles, J.J., 2021. Overstory removal and biological legacies influence long-term forest management outcomes on introduced species and native shrubs. Forest Ecology and Management 491 p.119149.
Hendricks-Franco, L., Stephens, S.L. and Sousa, W.P., 2021. Mammalian herbivory in post-fire chaparral impacts herbaceous composition but not N and C cycling. Journal of Plant Ecology 14(2):213-228.
Stephens, S.L., LeRoy Westerling, A., Hurteau, M.D., Zachariah Peery, M., Schultz, C.A. and Thompson, S., 2021. Undesirable outcomes in seasonally dry forests. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 19(2):87-88. PDF
Ehbrecht, M., Seidel, D., Annighöfer, P., Kreft, H., Köhler, M., Zemp, D.C., Puettmann, K., Nilus, R., Babweteera, F., Willim, K. and Stiers, M., Soto, D., Boehmer, H.J., Fisichelli, N., Burnett, M., Juday, G., Stephens, S.L., and Ammer, C. 2021. Global patterns and climatic controls of forest structural complexity. Nature Communications 12(1):519.
Stephens, S.L., Battaglia, M.A., Churchill, D.J., Collins, B.M., Coppoletta, M., Hoffman, C.M., Lydersen, J.M., North, M.P., Parsons, R.A., Ritter, S.M. and Stevens, J.T., 2021. Forest restoration and fuels reduction: Convergent or divergent? Bioscience 71(1):85-101.
Murphy, J.S., York, R., Huerta, H.R. and Stephens, S.L., 2021. Characteristics and metrics of resilient forests in the Sierra de San Pedro Martír, Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management 482 p.118864.
Rakhmatulina, E., Boisramé, G., Stephens, S.L. and Thompson, S., 2021. Hydrological benefits of restoring wildfire regimes in the Sierra Nevada persist in a warming climate. Journal of Hydrology 593 p.125808. PDF
Low, K.E., Collins, B.M., Bernal, A., Sanders, J.E., Pastor, D., Manley, P., White, A.M. and Stephens, S.L., 2021. Longer-term impacts of fuel reduction treatments on forest structure, fuels, and drought resistance in the Lake Tahoe Basin. Forest Ecology and Management 479 p.118609.
Jaffe, M.R., B.M. Collins, J. Levine, H. Northrop, F. Malandra, D. Krofcheck, M.D. Hurteau, S.L. Stephens, and M. North. 2021. Prescribed fire shrub consumption in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 51(11):1718-1725.
2020:
Tubbesing, C. L., R. A. York, S. L. Stephens, and J. J. Battles. 2020. Rethinking fire‐adapted species in an altered fire regime. Ecosphere 11:e03091. (https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3091)
Stevens, J.T., G. F. S. Boisramé, E. Rakhmatulina, S.E. Thompson, B.M. Collins, and S.L. Stephens. 2020. Forest vegetation change and its impacts on soil water following 47 years of managed wildfire. Ecosystems 23: 1547–1565.
Stephens, S.L., A.L. Westerling, M.D. Hurteau, M.Z. Peery, C.A. Schultz, S. Thompson. 2020. Fire and climate change: Conserving seasonally dry forests is still possible. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 18: 354-360. PDF
Levine, J.I., B.M. Collins, R.A. York, D.E. Foster, D.L. Fry, and S.L. Stephens. 2020. Forest stand and site characteristics influence fuel consumption in repeat prescribed burns. International J. of Wildland Fire 29(2) 148-159. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF19043
2019:
Boisramé, G. F. S., S. E. Thompson, C. (Naomi) Tague, and S. L. Stephens. 2019. Restoring a Natural Fire Regime Alters the Water Balance of a Sierra Nevada Catchment. Water Resources Research 55:5751–5769. PDF
Levine, C. R., C. V. Cogbill, B. M. Collins, A. J. Larson, J. A. Lutz, M. P. North, C. M. Restaino, H. D. Safford, S. L. Stephens, and J. J. Battles. 2019. Estimating historical forest density from land-survey data: a response to Baker and Williams (2018). Ecological Applications 29(8):e01968. 10.1002/eap.1968.PDF
Moreira, F, Ascoli, D, Safford, H, Adams, M, Moreno, J.M., Pereira, J.C., Catry, F., Armesto, J., Bond, W.J., Gonzalez, M., Curt, T., Koutsias, N., McCaw, L. Price, O, Pausas, J., Rigolo, E., Stephens, S., Tavsanoglu, C., RamonVallejo, V., VanWilgen, B., Xanthopoulos, G., and Fernandes, P.M. 2019. Wildfire Management in Mediterranean-Type Regions: Paradigm Change Needed. Environ. Research Letters 2019 15: 1–6. PDF
Lydersen, J., B.M. Collins, M. Coppoletta, M.R. Jaffe, H. Northrop, and S.L. Stephens.2019. Fuel dynamics and reburn severity following high severity fire in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Fire Ecology 15: 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408
Collins, B.M., S.L. Stephens, and R.A. York. 2019. Perspectives from a long-term study of fuel reduction and forest restoration in the Sierra Nevada. Tree Rings 29: 7-9. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Kobziar, L.N., Collins, B.M., Davis, R., Fulé, P.Z., Gaines, W., Ganey, J., Guldin, J.M., Hessburg, P., Hiers, K., Hoagland, S., Keane, J.J., Masters, R.E., McKellar, A.E., Montague, W., North, M., and Spies, T.A. 2019. Is fire for the birds? How two rare species influence fire management across the United States. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 17: 391–399. PDF
Boisramé, G.F.S., S.E. Thompson, C. Tague, and S.L. Stephens. 2019. Restoring a natural fire regime alters the water balance of a Sierra Nevada catchment. Water Resources Research https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR
Hatch, L.E., C.N. Jen, N.M. Kreisberg, V. Selimovic,k R.J. Yokelson, C. Stamatis, R.A. York, D. Foster, S.L. Stephens, A.H. Goldstein, and K.C. Barsanti. 2019. Highly speciated measurements of terpenoids emitted from laboratory and mixed-conifer forest prescribed fires. Environ. Sci. Technol. 53: 9418-9428.
Hessburg PF, Miller CL, Parks SA, Povak NA, Taylor AH, Higuera PE, Prichard SJ, North MP, Collins BM, Hurteau MD, Larson AJ, Allen CD, Stephens SL, Rivera-Huerta H, Stevens-Rumann CS, Daniels LD, Gedalof Z, Gray RW, Kane VR, Churchill DJ, Hagmann RK, Spies TA, Cansler CA, Belote RT, Veblen TT, Battaglia MA, Hoffman C, Skinner CN, Safford HD, Salter RB. 2019. Climate, environment, and disturbance history govern resilience of Western North American Forests. Front Ecol Evol 7:239. PDF
Annighöfer, P. D. Seidel, C. Ammer, S.L. Stephens, and R.A. York. 2019. Silvicultural implications from analyzing light induced height growth development of eight North American juvenile tree species in mixed-conifer forests. Forestry 2019; 00,1 –11, doi:10.1093/forestry/cpz038. PDF
Hu, T. Q,. Ma, Y. Su, J.J.Battles, B.M.Collins, S.L. Stephens, M. Kelly, and Q. Guo. 2019. A simple and integrated approach for fire severity assessment using bi-temporal airborne LiDAR data. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 78: 25-38.
Tubbesing, C.L., Fry, D.L., Roller, G.B., Collins, B.M., Fedorova, V.A., Stephens, .L., Battles, J.J., 2019. Strategically placed landscape fuel treatments decrease fire severity and promote recovery in the northern Sierra Nevada. For. Ecol. Manage. 436, 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.01.010
2018:
Fry, D.L., Stevens, J.T., Potter, A.T., Collins, B.M., Stephens, S.L., 2018. Surface fuel accumulation and decomposition in old-growth pine-mixed conifer forests, northwestern Mexico. Fire Ecol. 14, 1:15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-018-0017-5. PDF
Stephens, S.L., M. Maier, L. Gonen, J.D. York, B.M. Collins, and D.L. Fry. 2018. Variation in fire scar phenology from mixed conifer trees in the Sierra Nevada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 48: 101–104.
Sommerfeld, A., C. Senf B. Buma, A.W. D’Amato, T. Després, I. Díaz-Hormazábal, S. Fraver, L.E. Frelich, Á.G. Gutiérrez, S.J. Hart, B.J. Harvey, H.S. He, T. Hlásny, A. Holz, T. Kitzberger, D. Kulakowski, D. Lindenmayer, A.S. Mori, J. Müller, J. Paritsis, G.L.W. Perry, S.L. Stephens, M. Svoboda, M.G. Turner, T.T. Veblen, and R. Seidl. 2018. Patterns and drivers of recent disturbances across the temperate forest biome. Nature Communications 9:4355 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06788-9.
Kelly, M., Su, Y., Di Tommaso, S., Fry, D., Collins, B., Stephens, S., & Guo, Q. (2018). Impact of Error in Lidar-Derived Canopy Height and Canopy Base Height on Modeled Wildfire Behavior in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA. Remote Sensing, 10(1), 10. http://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010010.
Shive, K.L., Preisler, H.K., Welch, K.R., Safford, H.D., Butz, R.J., O’Hara, K.L., Stephens, S.L., 2018. From the stand-scale to the landscape-scale: predicting the spatial patterns of forest regeneration after disturbance. Ecological Applications 28: 1626–1639.
Collins, B.M. J.M. Lydersen, R.G. Everett, and S.L. Stephens. 2018. How does forest recovery following moderate-severity fire influence effects of subsequent wildfire in mixed-conifer forests? Fire Ecology 14:3. doi.org/10.1186/s42408-018-0004-x
Boisramé, G., S. Thompson, and S.L. Stephens. 2018. Hydrologic responses to restored wildfire regimes revealed by soil moisture vegetation relationships. Advances in Water Resources 112: 124-146.
van Wagtendonk, J., N.G. Sugihara, S.L. Stephens, A.E. Thode, K.E. Shaffer, and J. Fites-Kaufman (Editors). 2018. Fire in California Ecosystems, 2nd Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. 500 pgs.
Stephens, S.L., J.M. Kane, and J.D. Stuart, 2018. North Coast Bioregion. In: Fire in California Ecosystems, 2nd Edition. van Wagtendonk, J., N.G. Sugihara, S.L. Stephens, A.E. Thode, K.E. Shaffer, and J. Fites-Kaufman (Editors). University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Pgs. 149-170.
Stephens, S.L. and N.G. Sugihara. 2018. Fire Management and Policy Since European Settlement. In: Fire in California Ecosystems, 2nd Edition. van Wagtendonk, J., N.G. Sugihara, S.L. Stephens, A.E. Thode, K.E. Shaffer, and J. Fites-Kaufman (Editors). University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Pgs. 399-410.
Stephens, S.L. S.J. Husari, H.T. Nichols, N.G. Sugihara, and B.M. Collins. 2018. Fire and Fuel Management. In: Fire in California Ecosystems, 2nd Edition. van Wagtendonk, J., N.G. Sugihara, S.L. Stephens, A.E. Thode, K.E. Shaffer, and J. Fites-Kaufman (Editors). University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Pgs. 411-428.
Sugihara, N.G., J.W. van Wagtendonk, S.L. Stephens, K.E. Shaffer, A.E. Thode, and J. Fites-Kaufman. 2018. The Future of Fire in California Ecosystems. In: Fire in California Ecosystems, 2nd Edition. van Wagtendonk, J., N.G. Sugihara, S.L. Stephens, A.E. Thode, K.E. Shaffer, and J. Fites-Kaufman (Editors). University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. pp 517-522.
Hagmann, R.K., J.T. Stevens, J. Lydersen, B.M. Collins, J.J. Battles, P.F. Hessburg, C.R. Levine, A.G. Merschel, S.L. Stephens, A.H. Taylor, J.F. Franklin, D.L. Johnson, and K.N. Johnson. 2018. Improving the use of early timber inventories in reconstructing historical dry forests and fire in the western United States: Comment. Ecosphere 9:e02232.
Newman, E.A., J.B. Potts, M.W. Tingley, C. Vaughn, and S.L. Stephens. 2018. Chaparral bird community responses to prescribed fire and shrub removal in three management seasons. Journal of Applied Ecology 55:1615–1625.
Jen, C., L. Yutong, L. Hatch, N. Kreisberg, C. Stamatis, K. Kristensen, J. Battles, S. Stephens, R. York, K. Barsanti, and A. Goldstein. 2018. High hydroquinone emissions from burning manzanita. Environmental Science and Technology Letters 5(6): 309–314.
Omi, P.N., B.M. Collins, and S.L. Stephens. 2018. Forestry and US Forest Service fire management: Moving beyond conventional practices. In: 193 Million Acres: Toward a Healthier and More Resilient US Forest Service (S.W. Wilent editor). Society of American Foresters, Bethesda, Maryland. Pgs. 105-128.
Stephens, S.L., J. T Stevens, B.M. Collins, R.A. York, and J.M. Lydersen. 2018. Historical and modern landscape forest structure in fir (Abies)-dominated mixed conifer forests in the northern Sierra Nevada, USA. Fire Ecology https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-018-0008-6
Fry, D.L., J.T Stevens, A.T. Potter, B.M. Collins, and S.L. Stephens. 2018. Surface fuel accumulation and decomposition in old-growth pine−mixed conifer forests, northwestern Mexico. Fire Ecology (in press).
Stephens, S.L., Collins, B.M., Fettig, C.J., Finney, M.A., Hoffman, C.M., Knapp, E.E., North, M.P., Safford, H., Wayman, R.B., 2018. Drought, tree mortality, and wildfire in forests adapted to frequent fire. BioScience 68: 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bix146.
2017:
Collins, B.M., Fry, D.L., Lydersen, J.M., Everett, R., and Stephens, S.L. 2017. Impacts of different land management histories on forest change. Ecological Applications 27: 2475–2486. PDF
Krasnow, K.D., Fry, D.L., and Stephens, S.L. 2017. Spatial, temporal and latitudinal components of historical fire regimes in mixed conifer forests, California. Journal of Biogeography 44:1239–1253. PDF
Boisramé, G. F. S., Thompson, S. E., Kelly, M., Cavalli, J., Wilkin, K. M., & Stephens, S. L. (2017). Vegetation change during 40 years of repeated managed wildfires in the Sierra Nevada, California. Forest Ecology and Management, 402(August), 241–252.
Shive, K. L., Estes, B. L., White, A. M., Safford, H. D., O’Hara, K. L., & Stephens, S. L. (2017). Rice straw mulch for post-fire erosion control: assessing non-target effects on vegetation communities. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 26(6), 538. http://doi.org/10.1071/WF16208. PDF
Collins, B. M., Stevens, J. T., Miller, J. D., Stephens, S. L., Brown, P. M., & North, M. P. 2017. Alternative characterization of forest fire regimes: incorporating spatial patterns. Landscape Ecology. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-017-0528-5. PDF
Levine, C.R., Cogbill, C.V., Collins, B.M., Larson, A.J., Lutz, J.A., North, M.P., Restaino, C.M., Safford, H.D., Stephens, S.L. and Battles, J.J. (2017). Evaluating a new method for reconstructing forest conditions from General Land Office survey records. Ecological Applications doi:10.1002/eap.1543. PDF
Forrestel, A. B., Andrus, R. A., Fry, D. L., & Stephens, S. L. (2017). Fire history and forest structure along an elevational gradient in the southern Cascade Range, Oregon, USA. Fire Ecology, 13(1). http://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.1301001. PDF
Yocom Kent, L. L., Fulé, P. Z., Brown, P. M., Cerano-Paredes, J., Cornejo-Oviedo, E., Cortés Montaño, C., Drury, S. A., Falk, D. A., Meunier, J., Poulos, H. M., Skinner, C. N., Stephens, S. L., Villanueva-Díaz, J. (2017). Climate drives fire synchrony but local factors control fire regime change in northern Mexico. Ecosphere, 8(3), e01709. http://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1709. PDF
Chiono, L. A., Fry, D. L., Collins, B. M., Chatfield, A. H., & Stephens, S. L. (2017). Landscape-scale fuel treatment and wildfire impacts on carbon stocks and fire hazard in California spotted owl habitat. Ecosphere, 8(1), e01648. http://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1648. PDF
Stevens, J.T., B.M. Collins, J.D. Miller, M.P. North, and S.L. Stephens. 2017. Changing spatial patterns of stand-replacing fire in California conifer forests. Forest Ecology and Management 406: 28-36.
Stephens, S.L. 2017. Fire and fuels management: What works where? In: A Century of Wildland Fire Research: Contributions to Long-term Approaches for Wildland Fire Management: Proceedings of a Workshop. National Academies of Science and Medicine. The National Academies Press. Pgs. 48-54. http://www.nap.edu/24792. PDF
Butsic, V., H. McCann, J. Axelson, B. Gray, Y. Jin, J. Mount, S. Stephens, and W. Stewart. 2017. Improving the Health of California’s Headwater Forests. Public Policy Institute of California. 36 pages. PDF
Wilkin, K., L.C. Ponisio, D.L. Fry, C.L. Tubbesing, J.B. Potts, and S.L. Stephens. 2017. Decade-long plant community responses to shrubland fuel reduction. Fire Ecology 13(2): 105-136. PDF
2016:
Berleman, S.A., Suding, K.N., Fry, D.L. Bartolome, J.W., and Stephens, S.L. 2016. Prescribed fire effects on population dynamics of an annual grassland. Rangeland Ecology and Management 69:423-429.
Kramer, H. A., Collins, B. M., Gallagher, C. V., Keane, J. J., Stephens, S. L., & Kelly, M. (2016). Accessible light detection and ranging: estimating large tree density for habitat identification. Ecosphere, 7(12)(December). http://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1593 PDF
Krasnow, K. D., Fry, D. L., & Stephens, S. L. (2016). Spatial, temporal and latitudinal components of historical fire regimes in mixed conifer forests, California. Journal of Biogeography, 1–15. http://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12914. PDF
Taylor, A. H., Trouet, V., Skinner, C. N., & Stephens, S. L. (2016). Socio-Ecological Transitions Trigger Fire Regime Shifts and Modulate Fire-Climate Interactions in the Sierra Nevada, USA 1600-2015 CE. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 113(48), 13684–13689. http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609775113. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Miller, J.D., Collins, B.M., North, M.P., Keane, J.J., & Roberts, S. L. (2016). Wildfire impacts on California spotted owl nesting habitat in the Sierra Nevada. Ecosphere, 7(October), 1–21. http://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1478. PDF
Stephens, S. L., B. M. Collins, E. Biber, and P. Z. Fulé. 2016. U.S. federal fire and forest policy: emphasizing resilience in dry forests. Ecosphere 7(11):e01584. PDF
Collins, B.M., Lydersen, J.M., Fry, D.L., Wilkin, K., Moody, T., & Stephens, S.L. (2016). Variability in vegetation and surface fuels across mixed-conifer-dominated landscapes with over 40 years of natural fire. Forest Ecology and Management, 381, 74–83. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.010.
Molina-Terrén, D.M., Fry, D.L., Grillo, F.F., Cardil, A., & Stephens, S.L. (2016). Fire history and management of Pinus canariensis forests on the western Canary Islands Archipelago, Spain, Forest Ecology and Management, 382, 184–192. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.007.
Boisramé, G., Thompson, S., Collins, B., & Stephens, S. (2016). Managed Wildfire Effects on Forest Resilience and Water in the Sierra Nevada. Ecosystems. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-016-0048-1. PDF
Seidl, R., T.A. Spies, D.L. Peterson, S.L. Stephens, and J.A. Hicke. 2016. Searching for resilience: addressing the impacts of changing disturbance regimes on forest ecosystem services. Journal of Applied Ecology 53:120-129. PDF
Dow, C.B., B.M. Collins, and S. L. Stephens. 2016. Incorporating resource protection constraints in an analysis of landscape fuel treatment effectiveness in the northern Sierra Nevada, CA, USA. Environmental Management 57: 516-530. PDF
Hessburg, P.F., T. A. Spies, D. A. Perry, C. N. Skinner, A. H. Taylor, P. M. Brown, S. L. Stephens, A. J. Larson, D. J. Churchill, N. A. Povak, P. H. Singleton, B. McComb, W. J. Zielinski, B. M. Collins, R. B. Salter, J. J. Keane, J. F. Franklin, and G. Riegel. 2016. Tamm Review: Management of mixed-severity fire regime forests in Oregon, Washington, and Northern California. Forest Ecology and Management 366: 221–250.
Wilkin, K., D. Ackerly, and S. Stephens. 2016. Climate Change Refugia, Fire Ecology and Management. Forests 7: 77. PDF
Dore, S. D. L. Fry, B. M. Collins, R. Vargas, R. A. York, and S. L. Stephens. 2016. Management Impacts on Carbon Dynamics in a Sierra Nevada Mixed Conifer Forest. PLoS One 9(2): e0150256. PDF
Lydersen, J. M., Collins, B. M., Miller, J. D., Fry, D. L., & Stephens, S. L. (2016). Relating fire-caused change in forest structure to remotely sensed estimates of fire severity. Fire Ecology, 12(3), 99–116. http://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.1203099. PDF
2015:
North, M.P., S.L. Stephens, B.M. Collins , J.K. Agee, G. Aplet, J.F. Franklin, and P.Z. Fulé. 2015. Reform forest fire management: Agency incentives undermine policy effectiveness. Science 18: 1280-1281. PDF
Tempel, D.J., R.J. Gutierrez, J.J. Battles, D.L. Fry, Y. Su, Q. Guo, M.J. Reetz, S.A Whitmore, G.M. Jones, B.M. Collins, S.L. Stephens, M. Kelly, W.J. Berigan, and M. Z. Peery. 2015. Evaluating short- and long-term impacts of fuels treatments and simulated wildfire on an old-forest species. Ecosphere 6(12): art261. PDF
Hessburg, P.F., Churchill, D.J., Larson, A.J., Haugo, R.D., Miller, C., Spies, T.A., North, M.P, Povak, N.A., Belote, R.T., Singleton, P.H., Gaines, W.L., Keane, R.E., Aplet, G.H., Stephens, S.L., Morgan, P., Bisson, P.A., Rieman, B.E., Salter, R.B., Reeves, G.H. 2015. Restoring fire-prone Inland Pacific landscapes: seven core principles. Landscape Ecology DOI 10.1007/s10980-015-0218-0. PDF
Forrestel, A.B., B.S. Ramage, T. Moody, M.A. Moritz, S.L. Stephens. 2015. Disease, fuels and potential fire behavior: Impacts of sudden oak death in two coastal California forest types. Forest Ecology and Management 348: 23–30.
Lydersen, J.M., B.M. Collins, E.E. Knapp, G.B. Roller, and S. Stephens. 2015. Relating fuel loads to overstory structure and composition in a fire-excluded Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest. International Journal of Wildland Fire 24: 484-494. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Lydersen, J.M., Collins, B.M., Fry, D.L., Meyer, M.D. 2015. Historical and current landscape-scale ponderosa pine and mixed-conifer forest structure in the Southern Sierra Nevada. Ecosphere 6(5) art 79. PDF
Collins, B.M., Lydersen, J.M., Everett, R.G., Fry, D.L., Stephens, S.L. 2015. Novel characterization of landscape-level variability in historical vegetation structure. Ecological Applications 25: 1167-1174. PDF
Stephens, S., M. North, and B. Collins. 2015. Large wildfires in forests: what can be done? Action Bioscience. PDF
Krasnow, K.D. and S.L. Stephens. 2015. Evolving paradigms of aspen ecology and management: impacts of stand condition and fire severity on vegetation dynamics. Ecosphere 6(1): art12. PDF
2014:
Stephens, S.L., S.W. Bigelow, R.D. Burnett, B.M. Collins, C.V. Gallagher, J. Keane, D.A. Kelt, M.P. North, L.J. Roberts, P.A. Stine, and D.H. Van Vuren. 2014. California spotted owl, songbird, and small mammal responses to landscape fuel treatments. Bioscience 64: 893-906. PDF
Collins, B.M., Das, A.J., Battles, J.J., Fry, D.L., Krasnow, K.D., Stephens, S.L. 2014. Beyond reducing fire hazard: fuel treatment impacts on overstory tree survival. Ecol. Appl. 24: 1879–1886. PDF
Dore, S., D.L. Fry, S.L. Stephens. 2014. Spatial heterogeneity of soil CO2 efflux after harvest and prescribed fire in a California mixed conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 319: 150-160.
Fry, D.L., S.L. Stephens, B.M. Collins, M.P. North, E. Franco-Vizcaino, and S.J. Gill. 2014. Contrasting Spatial Patterns in Active-Fire and Fire-Suppressed Mediterranean Climate Old-Growth Mixed Conifer Forests. PLOS ONE 9(2): e88985. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088985. PDF
Kramer, H.A., Collins, B.M., Kelly, M., Stephens, S.L. 2014. Quantifying ladder fuels: A new approach using LiDAR. Forests 5(6):1432-1453. (doi: 10.3390/f5061432) PDF
Stephens, S.L. 2014. Increasing resiliency in frequent fire forests: Lessons from the Sierra Nevada and western Australia. USDA RMRS General Technical Report-71. pp.123-132. PDF
Stephens, S.L., N. Burrows, A. Buyantuyev, R.W. Gray, R.E. Keane, R. Kubian, S. Liu, F. Seijo, L. Shu, K.G. Tolhurst, and J.W. van Wagtendonk. 2014. Temperate and boreal forest mega-fires: characteristics and challenges. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 12(2):115-122. (doi: 10.1890/120332) PDF
2013:
Barros, A.M.G., J.M.C. Pereira, M.A. Moritz, and S.L. Stephens. 2013. Spatial Characterization of Wildfire Orientation Patterns in California. Forests (4):197-217. (doi: 10.3390/f4010197) PDF
Bell, Moritz, and Stephens. 2013. Short-term physiological effects of smoke on grapevine leaves. International Journal of Wildland Fire 22(7):933-946. (doi: 10.1071/WF12140) PDF
Collins, B.M., H.A. Kramer, K. Menning, C. Dillingham, D. Saah, P.A. Stine, and S.L. Stephens. 2013. Modeling hazardous fire potential within a completed fuel treatment network in the northern Sierra Nevada. Forest Ecology and Management 310:156–166.
Fulé, P.Z., T.W. Swetnam, P.M. Brown, D.A. Falk, D.L. Peterson, C.D. Allen, G.H. Aplet, M.A. Battaglia, D. Binkley, C. Farris, R.E. Keane, E.Q. Margolis, H. Grissino-Mayer, C. Miller, C.H. Sieg, C. Skinner, S.L. Stephens, and A. Taylor. 2013. Unsupported inferences of high severity fire in historical western United States dry forests: Response to Williams and Baker. Global Ecology and Biogeography. (doi: 10.1111/geb.12136) PDF
Fry, D.L., and S.L. Stephens. 2013. Seed viability and female cone characteristics of mature knobcone pine trees. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 28(1):46-48. (doi: 10.5849/wjaf.11-046) PDF
Gill, A.M., S.L. Stephens, and G.J. Carry. 2013. The world-wide “wildfire” problem. Ecological Applications 23(2):438-454. (doi: 10.1890/10-2213.1) PDF
Jakubowski, M., Q. Guo, B. Collins, S. Stephens, and M. Kelly. 2013. Predicting surface fuel models and fuel metrics using lidar and CIR imagery in a dense, mountainous forest. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 79(1):37-49. PDF
Pennypacker, C.R., M.K. Jakubowski, M. Kelly, M. Lampton, C. Schmidt, S. Stephens, and R. Tripp. 2013. FUEGO—Fire Urgency Estimator in Geosynchronous Orbit—A proposed early-warning fire detection system. Remote Sensing 5(10):5173-5192. (doi: 10.3390/rs5105173) PDF
Sneeuwjagt, R.J., T.S. Kline, and S.L. Stephens. 2013. Opportunities for improved fire use and management in California: lessons from Western Australia. Fire Ecology 9(2): 14-25. (doi: 10.4996/fireecology.0902014) PDF
Stark, D.L., D.L. Wood, A.J. Storer, and S.L. Stephens. 2013. Prescribed fire and mechanical thinning effects on bark beetle caused tree mortality in a mid-elevation Sierran mixed-conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 306:61-67. (doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.018)
Stephens, S.L., J.K. Agee, P.Z Fulé, M.P. North, W.H. Romme, T.W. Swetnam, and M.G. Turner. 2013. Managing forests and fire in changing climates. Science 342:41-42. (doi: 10.1126/science.1240294) PDF
2012:
Chiono, L.A., K.L. O’Hara, M.J. De Lasaux, G.A. Nader, and S.L. Stephens. 2012. Development of vegetation and surface fuels following fire hazard reduction treatment. Forests 2012 3:700-722. (doi:10.3390/f3030700) PDF
Collins, B.M., and S.L. Stephens. 2012. Fire and Fuels Reduction. In: North, M. (ed). Managing Sierra Nevada Forests. USDA Forest Service, PSW General Technical Report. PSW-GTR-237. Pp. 1-12. PDF
Fry, D.L., J. Dawson, and S.L. Stephens. 2012. Age and structure of mature knobcone pine forests in the northern California Coast Range, USA. Fire Ecology 8(1): 49-62. doi: 10.4996/fireecology.0801049. PDF
Gibbons, P., L. van Bomme, A.M. Gill, G.J. Cary, D.A. Driscoll, R.A. Bradstock, E. Knight, M.A. Moritz, S.L. Stephens, and D.B. Lindenmayer. 2012. Land management practices associated with house loss in wildfires. PLoS ONE 7(1):e29212. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029212. PDF
Krasnow, K.D., A.S. Halford, and S.L. Stephens. Aspen restoration in the eastern Sierra Nevada: effectiveness of prescribed fire and conifer removal. Fire Ecology 8(3):104-118. doi: 10.4996/fireecology.0803104. PDF
McIver, J., S. Stephens, J. Agee, J. Barbour, R. Boerner, C. Edminster, K. Erickson, K. Farris, C. Fettig, C. Fiedler, S. Haase, S. Hart, J. Keeley, E. Knapp, J. Lehmkuhl, J. Moghaddas, W. Otrosina, K. Outcalt, D. Schwilk, C. Skinner, T. Waldrop, P. Weatherspoon, D. Yaussy, A. Youngblood, and S. Zack. Ecological effects of alternative fuel reduction treatments: highlights of the U.S. Fire and Fire Surrogate study (FFS). International Journal of Wildland Fire. 2012. PDF
Miller, J.D., B.M. Collins, J.A. Lutz, S.L. Stephens, J.W. van Wagtendonk, and D.A. Yasuda. 2012. Differences in wildfires among ecoregions and land management agencies in the Sierra Nevada region, California, USA. Ecosphere 3(9): art80. PDF
North, M.P., B.M. Collins, and S.L. Stephens. 2012. Using fire to increase the scale, benefits and future maintenance of fuels treatments. Journal of Forestry 110(7):392-401. PDF
Stephens, S.L., B.M. Collins, and G. Roller. 2012. Fuel treatment longevity in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 285:204-212.
Stephens, S.L., J.D. McIver, R.E.J. Boerner, C.J. Fettig, J.B. Fontaine, B.R. Hartsough, P. Kennedy, and D.W. Schwilk. 2012. Effects of forest fuel reduction treatments in the United States. BioScience 62:549-560. PDF
Stephens, S.L., R.E.J. Boerner, J.J. Moghaddas, E.E.Y. Moghaddas, B.M. Collins, C.B. Dow, C. Edminster, C.E. Fiedler, D.L. Fry, B. R. Hartsough, J.E. Keeley, E.E. Knapp, J.D. McIver, C.N. Skinner, and A. Youngblood. 2012. Fuel treatment impacts on estimated wildfire carbon loss from forests in Montana, Oregon, California, and Arizona. Ecosphere 3(5):38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00289.1. PDF
2011:
Collins, B.M., R.G. Everett, and S.L. Stephens. 2011. Impacts of fire exclusion and recent managed fire on forest structure in old growth Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forests. Ecosphere 2(4):art51. PDF
Collins, B.M., S.L. Stephens, G.B. Roller, and J.J. Battles. 2011. Simulating fire and forest dynamics for a landscape fuel treatment project in the Sierra Nevada. Forest Science 57:77-88. PDF
Evans, A.M., R.G. Everett, S.L. Stephens, and J.A. Youtz. 2011. Comprehensive fuels treatment practices guide for mixed conifer forests: California, Central and Southern Rockies, and the Southwest. US Forest Service Forest Guild. PDF
Perry, D.A., P.F. Hessburg, C.N. Skinner, T.A. Spies, S.L. Stephens, A.H. Taylor, J.F. Franklin, B. McComb, G. Riegel. 2011. The ecology of mixed severity fire regimes in Washington, Oregon, and Northern California. Forest Ecology and Management 262:703-717.
Spies, T. A., D.B. Lindenmayer, A.M. Gill, S.L. Stephens, and J.K. Agee. 2011. Challenges and a checklist for biodiversity conservation in fire-prone forests: Perspectives from the Pacific Northwest of USA and Southeastern Australia. Biological Conservation 145:5-14. PDF
Forrestel, A.B., M.A. Moritz, and S.L. Stephens. 2011. Landscape-scale vegetation change following fire in Point Reyes, California, USA. Fire Ecology 7(2):114-128. PDF
2010:
Collins, B.M., and S.L. Stephens. 2010. Stand-replacing patches within a mixed severity fire regime: quantitative characterization using recent
fires in a long-established natural fire area. Landscape Ecology 25:927939. PDF
Collins, B.M., S.L. Stephens, J.M. Moghaddas, and J. Battles. 2010. Challenges and approaches in planning fuel treatments across fire-excluded forested
landscapes. Journal of Forestry 108: 24-31. PDF
Fry, D.L., and S.L. Stephens. 2010. Stand-level spatial dependence in an old-growth Jeffrey pine – mixed conifer forest, Sierra San Pedro Martir,
Mexico. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40:1830-1814. PDF
McGinnis, T.W., J.E. Keeley, S.L. Stephens, and G.B. Roller. 2010. Fuel buildup and potential fire behavior after stand-replacing fires, logging fire-killed
trees and herbicide shrub removal in Sierra Nevada forests. Forest Ecology and Management 260:22-35.
Moghaddas, J.J., B.M. Collins, K. Menning, E.E.Y. Moghaddas, and S.L. Stephens. 2010. Fuel treatment effects on modeled landscape-level fire
behavior in the northern Sierra Nevada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40:1751-1765. PDF
Mutch, R.W. M.J. Rogers, S.L. Stephens, and A.M. Gill. 2010. Protecting lives and property in the wildland urban interface: Communities in Montana
and Southern California adopt Australian paradigm. Fire Technology DOI: 10.1007/s10694-010-0171-z. PDF
Potts, J.B., E. Marino, and S.L. Stephens. 2010. Chaparral shrub recovery after fuel reduction: A comparison of prescribed fire and mastication techniques.
Plant Ecology PDF
Stephens, S.L., D.L. Fry, B.M. Collins, C.N. Skinner, E. Franco-Vizcaino, and T. J. Freed. 2010. Fire-scar formation in Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer
forests in the Sierra San Pedro Mrtir, Mexico. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40:1497-1505. PDF
Stephens. S.L., C.I. Millar, and B.M. Collins. 2010. Operational approaches to managing forests of the future in Mediterranean regions within a context
of changing climates. Environmental Research Letters 5: 024003. PDF
Trouet, V., A.H. Taylor, E.R. Wahl, C.N. Skinner, and S.L. Stephens. 2010. Fire-climate interactions in the American West since 1400 CE. Geophysical Research Letters 37: doi:10.1029/2009GL041695 PDF
Weise, D.R., S.L. Stephens, F.M. Fujioka, T.J. Moody, and J. Benoit. 2010. Estimation of fire danger in Hawaii using limited weather data and simulation. Pacific Science 64: 99-220. PDF
York, R. A., Fuchs, D., Battles, J. J., & Stephens, S. L. (2010). Radial growth responses to gap creation in large, old Sequoiadendron giganteum. Applied Vegetation Science, 13(4), 498–509. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-109X.2010.01089.x PDF
2009:
Skinner, C.N., C.S. Abbott, D.L. Fry, S.L. Stephens, A.H. Taylor, and V. Trouet. 2009. Human and climatic influences on fire occurrence in California’s North Coast Range, USA. Fire Ecology. PDF
Vaillant, N.M. and S. L. Stephens. 2009. Fire history of a lower elevation Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forest. Fire Ecology. PDF
North, M., K. Van de Water, S.L. Stephens, and B. Collins. 2009. Climate, rain shadow, and human-use influences on Eastern Sierra Nevada fire regimes. Fire Ecology. PDF
Gill, A.M., and S.L. Stephens. 2009. Scientific and social challenges for the management of fire-prone wildland-urban interfaces. Environmental Research Letters 4 034014 PDF
Padgett, K.A., S.L. Stephens, and B. Lane. 2009. Effect of prescribed fire for tick control in California chaparral. Journal of Medical Entomology. J. Med. Entomol. 46(5): 1138Ð1145. PDF
Stephens, S.L., J. Moghaddas, B. Hartsough, E. Moghaddas, and N. E. Clinton. 2009. Fuel treatment effects on stand level carbon pools, treatment related emissions, and fire risk in a Sierran mixed conifer forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39: 1538-1547. PDF
Vaillant, N. M., J. Fire-Kaufman, and S. L. Stephens . 2009. Effectiveness of prescribed fire as a fuel treatment in Californian coniferous forests. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 18:165-175. PDF
North, M. P. Stine, K. O’Hara, W. Zielinski, and S. Stephens. 2009. An Ecosystems Management Strategy for Sierra Mixed-Conifer Forests. US Dept. Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-220 w/ addendum. 52 pages. PDF
Potts, J. B., S. L. Stephens. 2009. Invasive and native plant responses to shrubland fuel reduction: comparing prescribed fire, mastication, and treatment season. Biological Conservation 142: 1657-1654 PDF
Stephens, S.L., J.J. Moghaddas, C. Ediminster, C.E. Fiedler, S. Hasse, M.Harrington, J.E. Keeley, J.D. McIver, K. Metlen, C.N. Skinner, and A.Youngblood. 2009. Fire treatment effects on vegetation structure, fuels, and potential fire severity in western U.S. forests. Ecological Applications 19: 305-320. PDF
McIver, J., A. Youngblood, and S.L. Stephens. 2009. The national Fire and Fire Surrogate study: ecological consequences of fuel reduction methods in seasonally dry forests. Ecological Applications 19: 283-284. PDF
Schwilk, D.W., J.E. Keeley, E.E. Knapp, J. McIver, J.D. Bailey, C.J.Fettig, C.E. Fiedler, R.J. Harrod, J.J. Moghaddas, K.W. Outcalt, C.N.Skinner, S.L. Stephens, T.A. Waldrop, D.A. Yaussy, and A. Youngblood. 2009. The national Fire and Fire Surrogate study: effects of fuel reduction methods on forest vegetation structure and fuels. Ecological Applications 19: 285-304. PDF
Stephens S. L., M. Adams, J. Hadmer. F. Kearns, B. Leicester, J. Leonard, M. Moritz. 2009. Urban-wildland fires: how California and other regions of the US can learn from Australia Environmental Research Letters 4 014010 PDF
Kobziar, L.N., S.L. Stephens, and J.R. McBride. 2009. The efficacy of fuels reduction treatments in a Sierra Nevada pine plantation. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18, 791–801. PDF
Collins BM, Miller JD, Thode AE, Kelly M, van Wagtendonk JW, Stephens SL. 2009. Interactions among wildland fires in a long-established Sierra Nevada natural fire area. Ecosystems 12: 114-128. DOI: 10.1007/s10021-008-9211-7. PDF
2008:
Fry D. 2008. Prescribed fire effects on deciduous oak woodland stand structure, northern Diablo Range, California. Rangeland Ecology and Management. 61(3): 294-301. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/07-113.1 PDF
Stephens, S.L., Weise, D.R., Fry, D.L., Keiffer, R.J., Dawson, J., Koo, E., Potts, J., and Pagni, P. 2008. Measuring the rate of spread of chaparral prescribed fires in northern California. Fire Ecology 4: 74-86. PDF
Stephens S.L, Fry D, Franco-Vizcano E. 2008. Wildfire and forests in Northwestern Mexico: the United States wishes it had similar fire ‘problems’. Ecology and Society. 13(2): 10 PDF
Everett, R.G. 2008. Dendrochronology-based Fire History of Mixed Conifer Forests in the San Jacinto Mountains, California. Forest Ecology and Management. 256 (2008) 1805-1814.
Amacher, A.J., R.H. Barrett, J.J. Moghaddas, and S.L. Stephens. 2008. Preliminary effects of fire and mechanical fuel treatments on the abundance of small mammals in the mixed-conifer forest of the Sierra Nevada. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 3193-3202
Moghaddas, E.E.Y., and S.L. Stephens. 2008. Mechanized fuel treatment effects on soil compaction in Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer stands. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 3098-3106.
Moghaddas, J.J., R.A. York, and S.L. Stephens. 2008. Initial response of conifer and California black oak seedlings following fuel reduction activities in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 3141-3150.
Skinner, C.N., J.H. Burk, M. Barbour, E. Franco-Vizcaino, and S.L. Stephens. 2008. Long-term influences of climate on fire regimes in montane forests of northwestern Mexico. Journal of Biogeography 35(8):1436-1451. PDF
Hartsough, B.R., S. Abrams, R.J. Barbour, E.S. Drews, J.D. McIver, J.J. Moghaddas, D.W. Schwilk, and S.L. Stephens. 2008. The economics of alternative fuel reduction treatments in western United States dry forests: financial and policy implications from the National Fire and Fire Surrogate Study. Forest Economics and Policy. 10:344-354 PDF
McCaffery, S., J.J. Moghaddas, and S.L. Stephens. 2008. Survey results from fire and fire surrogate fuel treatments in a Sierran mixed conifer forest, California, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire. 17: 224-233 PDF
Collins, B.M., and S.L. Stephens. 2008. Tree scarring patterns in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas burned by multiple wildland fire use fires. Fire Ecology 3(2): 53-67. PDF
Moritz, M.A., and S.L. Stephens. 2008. Fire and sustainability: considerations for California’s altered future climate. Climatic Change 87 (Suppl 1):S265–S271. PDF
Fried, J.S., Gilles, J.K., Riley, W.J., Moody, T.J., de Blas, C.S., K. Hayhoe, M. Moritz, S.L. Stephens, and M. Torn. 2008. Predicting the effect of climate change on wildfire behavior and initial attack success Climatic Change 87 (Suppl 1):S251–S264. PDF
2007:
Collins, B.M. and S.L. Stephens. 2007. Managing Natural Fires in Sierra Nevada Wilderness Areas. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 5(10): 523-52 PDF
Millar, C.I., N.L. Stephenson, and S.L. Stephens. 2007. Climate change and forests of the future: managing in the face of uncertainty. Ecological Applications 17(8): 2145-2151. PDF
Stephens, S.L., R.E. Martin, and N.E. Clinton. 2007. Prehistoric fire area and emissions from California’s forests, woodlands, shrublands and grasslands. Forest Ecology and Management 251:205-216.
Kaufmann, M. R., D. Binkley, P. Z. Fulé, M. Johnson, S. L. Stephens, and T. W. Swetnam. 2007. Defining old growth for fire-adapted forests of the western United States. Ecology and Society 12(2): 15. PDF
Youngblood, A., H. Bigler-Cole, C.J. Fettig, C. Fiedler, E. E. Knapp, J.L. Lehmkuhl, K.W. Outcalt, C.N. Skinner, S.L. Stephens, and T.H. Waldrop. 2007. Making Fire and Fire Surrogate Science Available: A Summary of Regional Workshops With Clients. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station General Technical Report PNW-GTR-727. PDF
Moghaddas, E. and S. L. Stephens. 2007. Thinning, burning, and thin-burn fuel treatment effects on soil properties in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management. 250:156-166.
Collins, B.M., N. K. Kelly,, J.W. van Wagtendonk, and S.L. Stephens. 2007. Spatial patterns of large natural fires in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas. Landscape Ecology 22:545-557. PDF
Stephens, S.L., and Collins, B.M. 2007. Fire policy in the urban-wildland interface in the United States: What are the issues and possible solutions? In: Living on the edge: economics, institutional and management perspectives on wildfire hazards in the urban interface. Advances in the Economics of Environmental Resources, Vol. 6. Elsevier Ltd. PDF
Evett, R., Franco-Vizcaino, E., and Stephens, S.L. 2007. Comparing modern and past fire regimes to assess changes in prehistoric lightning and anthropogenic ignitions in a Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forest in the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Mexico. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37: 318-330. PDF
Menning, K.M., and Stephens, S.L. 2007. Fire climbing in the forest: a semi-qualitative, semi-quantitative approach to assessing ladder fuel hazards. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 22(2): 88-93. PDF
Evett, R., Franco-Vizcaino, E., and Stephens, S.L. 2007. Phytolith evidence for the absence of a prehistoric grass understory in a Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forest in the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Mexico. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37:306-317. PDF
Schmidt, L., Hille, M.G., and Stephens, S.L., 2007. Restoring northern Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest composition and structure with prescribed fire. Fire Ecology 2(2):204-217. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Fry, D. L., Franco-Vizcaino, E., Collins, B.M., and Moghaddas, J.J. 2007. Coarse woody debris and canopy cover in an old-growth Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forest from the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management 240: 87-95.
Collins, B. M., Moghaddas, J. J., and Stephens, S. L. 2007. Initial changes in forest structure and understory plant community following fuel reduction activities in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 239: 102-111.
Kobziar, L., Moghaddas, J. J., and Stephens, S. L. 2007. Tree mortality patterns following prescribed fires in a mixed conifer forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36:3222-3228. PDF
2006:
Apigian, K., D. Dahlsten, and S.L. Stephens. 2006. Biodiversity of Coleoptera and the importance of habitat structural features in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Environmental Entomology 35: 964-975. PDF
Kobziar, L., and Stephens, S. L. 2006. The effects of fuels treatments on soil carbon respiration in a Sierra Nevada pine plantation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 141: 161-178.
Moody, T.J., Fites-Kaufman, J., and Stephens, S.L. 2006. Fire history and climate influences from forests in the northern Sierra Nevada, USA. Fire Ecology 2: 115-141. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Sugihara, N.G., 2006. Fire management and policy since European settlement. Sugihara, NG, van Wagtendonk, J, Shaffer, KE , Fites-Kaufman, J, , Thode, AE, editors. Fire in California’s ecosystems. California: University of California Press. Berkeley. Pp. 431-443. PDF
Husari, S., Nichols, T., Sugihara, N.G. Stephens, S.L., 2006. Fuel management. Sugihara, NG, van Wagtendonk, J, Shaffer, KE , Fites-Kaufman, J, , Thode, AE, editors. Fire in California’s ecosystems. California: University of California Press. Berkeley. Pp. 444-465. PDF
Stuart, J., Stephens, S.L., 2006. North coast California bioregion. Sugihara, NG, van Wagtendonk, J, Shaffer, KE , Fites-Kaufman, J, , Thode, AE, editors. Fire in California’s ecosystems. California: University of California Press. Berkeley. Pp. 147-169. PDF
Stephens, S.L., and W.J. Libby. 2006. Anthropogenic fire and bark thickness in coastal and island pine populations from Alta and Baja California. Journal of Biogeography 33: 648-652. (See Erratum on next line for a corrected Figure 1) PDF
Stephens, S.L., and W.J. Libby. 2006. ERRATUM FOR: Anthropogenic fire and bark thickness in coastal and island pine populations from Alta and Baja California. Journal of Biogeography 33: 760. PDF
Fry, D.L., and S.L. Stephens. 2006. Influence of humans and climate on the fire history of a Ponderosa pine-mixed conifer forest in the southeastern Klamath Mountains, California. Forest Ecology and Management. 223: 428-438.
Apigian, K., D. Dahlsten, and S.L. Stephens. 2006. Fire and fire surrogate treatment effects on leaf litter arthropods in a western Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 221:110-122.
2005:
Stephens, S.L., and P.Z. Fule. 2005. Western pine forests with continuing frequent fire regimes: Possible reference sites for management. Journal of Forestry 103(7): 357-362. PDF
Stephens, S.L., and D. R. Fry. 2005. Spatial distribution of regeneration patches in an old-growth Pinus jeffreyi-mixed conifer forest in northwestern Mexico. Journal of Vegetation Science 16:693-702. PDF
Beche, L.A., S.L. Stephens, and V.H. Resh. 2005. Prescribed fire effects on a riparian and stream community in the Sierra Nevada: Dark Canyon Creek, California, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 218:37-59
Stephens, S.L. and J.J. Moghaddas. 2005. Silvicultural and reserve impacts on potential fire behavior and forest conservation: 25 years of experience from Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forests. Biological Conservation 25:369-379. PDF
Stephens, S.L. and J.J. Moghaddas. 2005. Fuel treatment effects on snags and coarse woody debris in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 214:53-64.
Stephens, S.L. and J.J. Moghaddas. 2005. Experimental fuel treatment impacts on forest structure, potential fire behavior, and predicted tree mortality in a mixed conifer forest. Forest Ecology and Management 215:21-36.
Hille, M.G., and S.L. Stephens. 2005. Mixed conifer forest duff consumption during prescribed fires: tree crown impacts. Forest Science 51(5): 417-424. PDF
Stephens, S.L. 2005. Forest fire causes and extent on United States Forest Service Lands. International Journal of Wildland Fire 14(213-222. PDF
Youngblood, A., K.L. Metlen, E. Knapp, K.W. Outcalt, S.L. Stephens, T.A. Waldrop, and D. Yaussy. 2005. Implementation of the Fire and Fire Surrogate Study A national research effort to evaluate the consequences of fuel reduction treatments. In: Peterson, C.E., and Maguire, D.A. (eds). Balancing ecosystem values: innovative experiments for sustainable forestry. USFS Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-635. Portland, OR. Pp. 315-323. PDF
Purcell, K., and S.L. Stephens. 2005. Changing fire regimes and the avifauna of California oak woodlands. Studies in Avian Biology. 30:33-45 PDF
Purcell, K., and S.L. Stephens. 2005. Natural and anthropogenic fire regimes, vegetation effects, and potential impacts on the avifauna of California’s oak woodlands. USFS General Technical Report PSW-191 PDF
Stephens, S.L., & D.L. Fry. 2005. Fire history in coast redwood stands in the Northeastern Santa Cruz Mountains, California. Fire Ecology 1(1):2-19. PDF
Stephens, S.L. and Gill, S.J. 2005. Forest structure and mortality in an old-growth Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forest in northwestern Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management. 205:15-28.
Stephens, S.L. and Ruth, L.W. 2005. Federal forest fire policy in the United States. Ecological Applications, 15(2):532-542 PDF
2004:
Knapp, E.E., S.L. Stephens, J.D. McIver, J.J. Moghaddas, and J.E. Keeley. 2004. The Fire and Fire Surrogate Study in the Sierra Nevada: Evaluating restoration treatments at Blodgett Experimental Forest and Sequoia National Park. In: Murphy, D.D., and Stine, P.A. (eds.), Proceedings of the Sierra Nevada Science Symposium, Tahoe City, CA. USFS PSW General Technical Report PSW-GTR-193. pp. 79-85. PDF
Skinner, C.N., and S.L. Stephens. 2004. Fire in the Sierra Nevada. Proceedings of the Sierra Nevada Science Symposium, Tahoe City, CA. USFS PSW General Technical Report. PSW-GTR-193. pp. 65-68. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Piirto, D.D., and D.F. Caramagno, 2004. Fire regimes and resultant forest structure in the native Ano Nuevo Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) forest, California. American Midlland Naturalist 152: 25-36. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Finney, M.A., and Schantz, H. 2004. Bulk density and fuel loads of ponderosa pine and white fir forest floors: impacts of leaf morphology. Northwest Science 78: 93-100. PDF
Stephens, S.L. 2004. Fuel loads, snag density, and snag recruitment in an unmanaged Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forest in northwestern Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management 199: 103-113.
Stephens, S.L. and Collins, B.M. 2004. Fire regimes of mixed conifer forests in the north-central Sierra Nevada at multiple spatial scales. Northwest Science 78: 12-23. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Meixner, T., Poth, M., McGurk, B, Payne, D. 2004. Prescribed fire, soils, and stream water chemistry in a watershed in the Lake Tahoe Basin. International Journal of Wildland Fire 13: 27-35. PDF
2000 – 2003:
Stephens, S.L., Skinner, C.N., Gill, S.J., 2003. Dendrochronology-based fire history of Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forests in the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Mexico. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33:1090-1101. PDF
Stephens, S.L., and M.A. Finney, 2002. Prescribed Fire Mortality of Sierra Nevada Mixed Conifer Tree Species: Effects of Crown Damage and Forest Floor Combustion. Forest Ecology and Management 162: 261-271.
Stephens, S.L. 2001, Fire History of Adjacent Jeffrey pine and Upper Montane Forests in the Eastern Sierra Nevada. International Journal of Wildland Fire 10:161-176. PDF
Stephens, S.L. 2000. Mixed Conifer and Upper Montane Forest Structure and Uses in 1899 from the Central and Northern Sierra Nevada, CA. Madrono, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 43-52. PDF
1993 – 1999:
Stephens, S.L, D. Dulitz, and R.E. Martin, 1999. Giant Sequoia Regeneration in Group Selection Openings in the Southern Sierra Nevada. Forest Ecology and Management vol. 120, no. 1-3, pp. 89-95.
Stephens, S.L., and D.L. Elliott-Fisk. 1998. Sequoiadendron giganteum-Mixed Conifer Forest Structure in 1900-1901 from the Southern Sierra Nevada, CA. Madrono, 45:221-230. PDF
Stephens, S.L. 1998. Evaluation of the effects of silvicultural and fuels treatments on potential fire behaviour in Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forests. Forest Ecology and Management 105, no. 1-3, pp.21-34.
Stephens, S.L. 1997. Fire History of a Mixed Oak-Pine Forest in the Foothills of the Sierra Nevada, El Dorado County, California. Symposium on Oak Woodlands: Ecology, Management, and Urban Interface Issues. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report-PSW GTR-160, pp 191-198. PDF
Elliott-Fisk, D.L, S.L. Stephens, J.A. Aubert, D. Murphy, J. Schaber. 1996. Mediated Settlement Agreement for Sequoia National Forest- Giant Sequoia Groves, an Evaluation. Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project. Addendum (Davis: University of California, Centers for Water and Wildland Resources). pp. 277-328. PDF
Elliott-Fisk, D.L, T.C. Cahill, O.K. Davis, L. Duan, C.R. Goldman, G.E. Gruell, R. Harris, R. Kattelmann, R. Lacey, D. Leisz, S. Lindstrom, D. Machida, R.A. Rowntree, P. Rucks, D.A. Sharkey, S.L. Stephens, and D.S Ziegler. 1997. Lake Tahoe case study. Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project. Addendum (Davis: University of California, Centers for Water and Wildland Resources). pp. 217-276. PDF
Stephens, S.L., Molina D. M., Carter, R., Martin, R. E.. 1995. Comparison of fuel load, structural characteristics, and infrastructure before and after the Oakland Hills Tunnel fire. Biswell Symposium, USDA PSW General Technical Report-158 . pp.189-191 PDF
Stephens, S.L., D. Gordon, and R.E. Martin. 1993. Combustion characteristics of domestic vegetation found in the urban/wildland interface of California. Proceeding of the 12th International Conference on Fire and Forest Meteorology, Society of American Foresters, Jekyl Island, Georgia. pp. 565-571. PDF