Cydia Hübner, 1825 (Tortricidae: Olethreutinae: Grapholitini)

There are 13 described Cydia species considered endemic to the Hawaiian Islands and one recognized, but undescribed species ("n.sp.1" [Zimmerman, 1978]). Several more endemic species are currently being described. Four species (C. chlorostola, C. crassicornis, C. gypsograpta, and C. obliqua) are known from only one or two individuals collected around 1900 as part of the Fauna Hawaiiensis survey (Walsingham, 1907) and have not been collected since. Larvae feed within the seeds, underbark, or in twigs of native Hawaiian legumes (Acacia koa, Acacia koaia, Canavalia spp., Sophora chrysophylla, Strongylodon ruber, Vicia menziessii) and also in rust fungus galls found on Acacia koa. Most species are specific to one host plant and occur on one or a few islands. The males of most Hawiian Cydia have distinctive pouches on their hindwings which separates them from all other Hawiian Tortricidae.Color patterns on wings are often quite variable, particular for C. plicata and C. walsinghamii (two wide spread species). Larvae are parasitized by several generalist parasitoids (that attack "hidden" larvae). More on Hawaiian Cydia biology

Cydia chlorostola (Meyrick, 1932)
Cydia conspicua (Walsingham, 1907)
Cydia crassicornis (Walsingham, 1907)
Cydia falsifalcella (Walsingham, 1907)
Cydia gypsograpta (Meyrick, 1932)
Cydia latifemoris (Walsingham, 1907)
Cydia montana (Walsingham, 1907)
Cydia obliqua (Walsingham, 1907)
Cydia parapteryx (Meyrick, 1932)
Cydia plicata (Walsingham, 1907)
Cydia rufipennis (Butler, 1881)
Cydia storeella (Walsingham, 1907)
Cydia walsinghamii (Bulter, 1882)
Cydia n.sp.1 [Zimmerman, 1978]
Cydia n.spp.

Cydia plicata from Mauna Kea, Hawaii Island
Cydia chlorostola (Meyrick, 1932)
Islands: Oahu ("Waialua") - Perkins, 1909
Hostplants: unknown
Status: Known from a single female - possibly extinct.
Comments: Without more specimens (particularly males) it
is difficult to say whether this is a unique species and/or if
it is a Hawaiian native species.

 

 

 

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(see Zimmerman, 1978)
Cydia conspicua (Walsingham, 1907)
Islands: Kauai, Oahu, Maui
Hostplants: Acacia koa (dead bark and seeds)
Status: locally common
Comments:
Cydia crassicornis (Walsingham, 1907)
Islands: Hawaii (Kona, above 4000 ft)
Hostplants: unknown
Status: Known from a single male - possibly exinct.
Comments: Male lacks hingwing pouch. May represent a form of the variable Cydia walsinghamii.

 

 

 

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(see Zimmerman, 1978)
Cydia falsifalcella (Walsingham, 1907)
Islands: Hawaii
Hostplants: Canavalia sp., Vicia menziessii?, Strogylodon ruber? (seeds, stems, flowers?)
Status: Rare due to a lack of hostplants
Comments: Early records of biology attributed to this species were of Cydia parapteryx on Oahu. Big Island form of Cydia parapteryx?
Cydia gypsograpta (Meyrick, 1932)
Islands: Oahu ("Honolulu")
Hostplants: unknown
Status: Known from a single male - probably extinct.
Comments:

 

 

 

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(See Zimmerman, 1978)
Cydia latifemoris (Walsingham, 1907)
Islands: Maui (male type from Hualalai, is the only known specimen from Hawaii Island {a mistake, perhaps?})
Hostplants: Sophora chrysophylla (seeds, terminal twigs?)
Status: Locally common
Comments:

 
Cydia montana (Walsingham, 1907)
Islands: Hawaii
Hostplants: Acacia koa [Zimmerman (1978) host reference of Sophora chrysophylla is incorrect]
Status: Locally common
Comments: Appears to be the Hawaii Island form of Cydia rufipennis [Oboyski, in prep.]. Looks like a diminutive form of one of the Cydia plicata morphs {source of Zimmerman's confusion?}.

Cydia obliqua (Walsingham, 1907)
Islands: Hawaii
Hostplants: unknown
Status: known only from three females
Comments: Possibly a form of Cydia plicata.

 

 

 

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(see Zimmerman, 1978)
Cydia parapteryx (Meyrick, 1932)
Islands: Oahu
Hostplants: Canavalia spp., Strongylodon ruber (seeds, stems, flowers?)
Status: Becoming rare due to loss of host plants and competition with Cryptophlebia species?
Comments: Early records of biology attributed to Cydia falsifalcella on Hawaii Island.
Cydia plicata (Walsingham, 1907)
Islands: Hawaii, Maui
Hostplants: Sophora chrysophylla (seeds, terminal twigs?)
Status: Locally abundant
Comments: Wing patterns very variable (see images below)

More images of Cydia plicata below
Cydia rufipennis (Butler, 1881)
Islands: Kauai, Oahu, Maui
Hostplants: Acacia koa (flowers, seeds)
Status: not common
Comments:

Cydia storeella (Walsingham, 1907)
Islands: Maui
Hostplants: unknown
Status: Known only from a single female - possibly extinct
Comments: Possibly a form of Cydia plicata.

 

 

 

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(See Zimmerman, 1978)
Cydia walsinghamii (Bulter, 1882)
Islands: all high islands with naturally occuring host plants
Hostplants: Acacia koa, Acacia koaia (seeds, twigs)
Status: locally common (most common of Hawaiian Cydia)
Comments: As currently defined, this species (or species complex) has very variable wing patterns (see below).

More images of Cydia walsinghamii below
Cydia n.sp.1 [Zimmerman, 1978]
Islands: Hawaii
Hostplants: Acacia koaia
Status: Rare - limited by its vary rare host plant
Comments: Known only from the small population of its host plant Acacia koaia.
Cydia n.sp.
Islands: Kauai, Molokai, Hawaii
Hostplants: Sophora chrysophylla
Status: uncommon
Comments: low elevation on islands with host plant

Cydia n.sp.
Islands: Kauai
Hostplants: Canavalia sp.
Status: Rare due to scarce host plants
Comments: Kauai form of Cydia parapteryx?
Cydia n.sp.
Islands: Maui
Hostplants: Canavalia sp.
Status: Rare due to scarce host plants.
Comments: Maui form of Cydia parapteryx?

Source(s): Zimmerman EC. 1978. Insects of Hawaii, Vol.9.1 Microlepidoptera. The University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu.

More images of Cydia plicata:


 

More images of Cydia walsinghamii: