ELM (bacterial leaf scorch of elm)
Major symptoms: marginal leaf scorch, die-back of twigs and branches.
Distribution: eastern United States.
Selected references: Sherald, 1993 (etiology); Sherald and Kostka, 1992 (general, distribution); Sherald et al., 1994 (on National Mall).
MAPLE (maple leaf scorch)
Major symptoms: marginal leaf scorch, die-back of twigs and branches.
Distribution: Eastern United States, especially in southern states.
Selected references: Sherald et al., 1987 (description); Blake, 1993 (in South Carolina).
OAK (bacterial leaf scorch of oak)
Major symptoms: marginal leaf scorch, die-back of twigs and branches in at least several species of oaks.
Distribution: southeastern United States to Kentucky and New Jersey. Rare occurrence noted in Kansas.
Selected references: Sherald and Kostka, 1992 (general, distribution); Chang and Walker, 1988 (etiology); Hartman et al., 1991 (Kentucky occurrence); McGovern and Hopkins, 1994 (in live oak).
SYCAMORE (bacterial leaf scorch of sycamore)
Major symptoms: marginal leaf scorch, die-back of twigs and branches in at least several species of oaks.
Distribution: Eastern United States, especially in southeast.
Selected references: Sherald and Kostka, 1992 (general, distribution); Sherald 1993, Sherald and Kostka 1983 (etiology); Blake, 1993 (in South Carolina).
MULBERRY (mulberry leaf scorch)
Major symptoms: marginal leaf scorch, die-back of twigs and branches
Distribution: eastern United States
Selected references: Kostka et al., 1986 (description); Sherald and Kostka, 1992 (general)