Characters used in cladistic analysis of Morionine Genera:

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• 1. Post-ocular margin and temple: margin slightly emarginate, temple not prominent = 0; margin deeply emarginate but temple relatively small, moderately prominent = 1 ; margin deeply emarginate and temple markedly prominent = 2. Considered additive to set adjacency between most similar states. The temple is the post-ocular region of non-ocular cuticle behind eye and above the gena.
• 2. Maxillary setae:  positioned near base of palpifer = 0; positioned near middle of palpifer = 1. In most Harpalinae and nearly all pterostichine-like taxa the single setae of the palpifer is positioned near the base, within 1-2 puncture diameters from the basal margin. In many morionines and all Caelostomini the setae is positioned near the middle of the palpifer. Many Australian pterostichines, including Cuneipectus, have two setae on the palpifer, one near the midline and one near the base. In Cuneipectus, however, the apical-most seta is position near the dorsal margin of the palpifer rather than centered laterally. It is assumed in this analysis that the setae in morionines is the basal seta in a more apical position and not a midline setae with the basal seta absent. A broader-scaled analysis is needed to test the homology of all plurisetose taxa.
• 3. Apical labial palpi:  fusiform = 0; securiform = 1.
• 4. Setae of the anterior margin of labrum: 6 setae = 0; 2 or 4 setae = 1. Non-informative and deactivated. A smaller number of setae along the margin of the labrum is a derived character within Stereostoma Murray.
• 5. Form of the anterior margin of labrum:  nearly straight = 0; clearly emarginate = 1.
• 6. Form of the margin of clypeus: laterally convergent to apex and straight across apical margin = 0; lateral concavity and apically emarginate = 1.
• 7. Frontal furrows: entirely narrow throughout, narrow ending punctiform  or effaced = 0; broad poorly defined = 1; broad, deep, sharply defined = 2.  Considered additive to set adjacency between most similar states.
• 8. Apex of mentum tooth:  simple, acute form = 0; simple, blunt form = 1; bilobed = 2.  Considered nonadditive as all states are considered equidistant in similarity.
• 9. Basal antennomeres:  3 without dense pubescence = 0; 4 without dense pubescence = 1.
• 10. Lateral edge of antennomeres 5-11:  entirely pubescent = 0; with glabrous region = 1. Glabrous region is a thin shiny region on the narrow edge of the antennomeres.
• 11. Apex of antennomere 4:  with a ring of 6 long setae = 0; with many shorter setae mostly laterally = 1; lateral patches as in antenomeres 5-11 = 2.  Considered additive to set adjacency between most similar states.
• 12.  Setae on apex of antennomere 3: none = 0; two apical = 1; four apical = 2; six apical = 3; eight apical = 4. Considered nonadditive as it is not possible to establish homology of individual setae between lesser and more numerous setal states.
• 13. Setae on apex of antennomere 2:  none = 0; one apical = 1; two apical = 2; six apical = 3. Considered nonadditive as it is not possible to establish individual setal homology between lesser and more numerous setal states.
• 14. Antennomere 1: with one long medial seta = 0; no setae = 1.
• 15. Form of antennomeres:  filiform = 0; moniliform = 1.
• 16. Smooth median region of antennomeres:  pubescent  = 0; with scattered setae  not sharply delimited = 1; glabrous and clearly delimited = 2. Considered additive to set adjacency between most similar states.
• 17. Prosternal process:  blunt or cuneiform, only slightly wider dorsad of ventro-apical margin = 0 ; broadened laterally dorsad of apical margin = 1 ; broadened laterally at ventro-apical margin = 2 . Considered additive to set adjacency between most similar states.
• 18. Umbilicate punctures in basal third of elytra:  single line of 6-8 punctures in interval 9 or touching stria 8 (as in the  normal  pterostichine arrangement)  = 0;  punctures supernumerary, 10-16 or more punctures in two lines, single dense line or  alternating in position and size, placed in interval 9 or stria 8  = 1.
• 19. Umbilicate puncture of elytral interval 9 in apical third:  single staggered row (as in the  normal  pterostichine arrangement) = 0; double or triple lines of setigerous punctures = 1.
• 20. Elytral interval 7: slightly convex to flat = 0; rounded or sharply carinate = 1.
• 21. Elytral interval 9:  uniform width or narrowed near apex = 0; widening and very broad at apex = 1.
• 22. Elytral interval 10:  absent = 0; present in apical third = 1.
• 23. Parascutellar stria:  present either separate and shallowly impressed or anastomosing with stria one = 0; absent = 1.
• 24. Base of stria 1:  present = 0; absent = 1.
• 25. Elytral external plica:  visible = 0; not externally visable = 1.
• 26. Elytral internal plica:  attains margin = 0; separate from margin = 1.
• 27. Elytral discal puncture on interval 3:  present = 0; absent = 1.
• 28. Apex of tarsomere 5:  open = 0; closed  = 1. This is an autapomorphy for Stereostoma and so not informative in the analysis. In Stereostoma the dorsal and ventral surfaces of tarsomere 5 is fused together apically between the tarsal claws. In all other carabid taxa I have studied the apex is open.
• 29. Tarsomere form:  slender, typical = 0; heavily built, nearly quadrate = 1. The form of the tarsomeres is variable in taxa like Morion and Moriosomus Motschulsky and some taxa have rather heavily built but elongate tarsomeres making it difficult to catagorize some individuals. The character may be informative within the genera but has been deactivated here.
• 30. Transverse medial sulci of abdominal ventrites: absent  = 0; sulci present = 1
• 31. Basal crenulate sulci on abdominal ventrites: absent = 0; present = 1
• 32. Abdominal ventrites:  glabrous, except paramedial ambulatory setae = 0; with transverse row of setae = 1.
• 33. Female appended gland duct diverticula:  absent = 0; present = 1.
• 34. Female appended gland duct diveticula terminates as:  a blunt tube = 0; expanded bulb = 1.
• 35. Male median lobe endophallus: simple or sparsely toothed = 0; with a rod-like process = 1.