Fungi survive megafires and aid forest regeneration

Lab members Carrie Levine and John Battles contributed to a paper led by ESPM graduate student Sydney Glassman, entitled: Ectomycorrhizal fungal spore bank recovery after a severe forest fire: Some like it hot. This study investigated the effect of the Rim Fire, one of California’s largest wildfires in history, on the fungal spore bank.

Sydney Glassman, lead author.
Sydney Glassman, lead author.

Ectomycorrhizal fungi form symbiotic relationships with plants, especially trees. The fungi increases the surface area of the tree roots to allow it better access to nutrients, and the tree provides the fungi with carbon. As obligate mutualists, neither organism can survive without the other. Typically, high severity fires will kill soil fungi, but the fungi may be able to persist via a spore bank. This functions similarly to a seed bank. In areas adapted to low frequency, high severity fires, a subset of ECM fungi can survive in a soil spore bank as fire-resistant spores, but it is unknown whether the same is true for forests that are not adapted to these sorts of fire regimes.

Photo credit: Thomas Bruns
Photo credit: Thomas Bruns

Glassman et al. found that the spore bank persists after extreme fire even in a system that is not adapted for such extreme events. The presence of most taxa was not affected by the fire, and the bioassay method used in this study appears to be a good proxy for studying in situ spore bank dynamics.

These study findings were published in the ISME Journal, a publication of the International Society for Microbial Ecology.

Read more about this research at Berkeley News.

SNAMP Final Report: fuels treatments benefit forests

A final report concluding the 10-year Sierra Nevada Adaptive Management Project has been released, and finds consensus among a range of scientists that forest fuel reduction treatments have wide-reaching benefits. John Battles was a lead PI on the project.

See UCANR’s coverage of the story here, and the read the full SNAMP Final Report here.

Fuels treatments at SNAMP's Last Chance site. Photo from http://snamp.cnr.berkeley.edu/.
Fuels treatments at SNAMP’s Last Chance site. Photo from http://snamp.cnr.berkeley.edu/.

 

Outreach in the News!

Carmen helped teach an all-day workshop to 120 local students at Hopland Research and Extension Center near Ukiah, California. The Ukiah Daily Journal put it in the paper! Check out the article here.

Carmen Tubbesing from the Dept of Environmental Science, Policy, and  Management, demonstrates how forest diversity can affect the severity of a forest fire. Chris Pugh-Ukiah Daily Journal.
Carmen demonstrates how forest diversity can affect the severity of a forest fire. Chris Pugh-Ukiah Daily Journal.

 

An example of how forest density determines how a fire can spread. Chris Pugh-Ukiah Daily Journal.
Using matches and wooden boards to show how forest density determines how a fire can spread. Chris Pugh-Ukiah Daily Journal.

Congratulations to Lab Alumni

From left to right: Dr. Maya Hayden, her daughter Fiona, and Dr. Natalie van Doorn
From left to right: Dr. Maya Hayden, her daughter Fiona, and Dr. Natalie van Doorn

Congratulations to Dr. Maya Hayden who completed her PhD this August. Her dissertation, “Abandoned Channels as Refugia for Sustaining Pioneer Riparian Forests” combined field data with mesocosm experiments to explore controls on cottonwood recruitment dynamics along the Sacramento River in Northern California. Dr. Hayden will continue her education as a California Sea Grant Fellow working with the NOAA San Francisco Bay and Outer Coast Sentinel Site Cooperative (NOAA Sentinel Site).

Congratulations also to Dr. Natalie van Doorn (PhD 2014), a post-doctoral fellow at UC Davis. Dr. van Doorn was recently appointed as a research urban ecologist with the USFS Pacific Southwest Research Station (PSW). She will be working out of the Albany, CA office where she will continue her research on street tree demography and climate-ready trees for urban ecosystems.

Visit to Baja California

Visit to Baja California

Carrie and Carmen joined a group of scientists from the Forest Service, UC Davis, and UC Berkeley on a fire science retreat in Baja California, Mexico, this June. The trip, which was hosted by the California Fire Science Consortium, allowed U.S. researchers to observe forests with similar plant communities to those we study in the Sierra Nevada, but with different management and fire histories. The visit also allowed for knowledge exchange between Californian experts and members of Mexico’s Comisión Nacional Forestal, or CONAFOR, which manages local forests.

The group began in Ensenada with a day of presentations by Californian and Mexican experts and land managers. We then went on to Sierra de San Pedro Mártir National Park (SSPM), where Scott Stephens gave us a tour of some of his long-term forest monitoring efforts. After two days of beautiful hikes through SSPM, we drove to for Constitución National Park (PNC) and were briefed on recent forest and grazing management strategies by that park’s managers. Finally, we wrapped up the trip with a night at Laguna Mountain, in the Cleveland National Forest, California, where managers have been implementing progressive, hands-on techniques for fire risk reduction.

Thank you to the California Fire Science Consortium for making this trip possible!

 

 

Taming Sierra Flames

Fire over the ridge

Since 2004, the SNAMP Science and Public Participation teams have been working to understand how forest vegetation treatments to prevent wildfire affect fire risk, wildlife, forest health, and water, all while developing a new model for engaging the public on land management issues. Their work was profiled in the spring issue of our College of Natural Resources magazine: “Today, as SNAMP reaches the end of a 10-year run, the project has proven to be a multidisciplinary, multiagency, multimedia success that has the potential to transform not only how we view forest fires, but more intriguingly, how scientists, government agencies, and public stakeholders interact in the pursuit of common goals. …SNAMP’s goals went far beyond simply figuring out the best way to slow a wildfire’s spread. The experiment proceeded along parallel tracks, studying fire, forest health, fishers, owls, water quality issues, and spatial data. And crucially, public participation wasn’t an afterthought or an also-ran, but the key piece of the puzzle.

Read the full article

 

Ecology Outreach Events

As ecologists, we know that there is a never-ending supply of things to learn about the forest. So in recent outreach and education activities, PhD student Stella Cousins has been helping get kids started early. In May, Stella teamed up with other ESPM graduate students to host 3rd graders from Malcolm X Elementary for a lesson about fire frequency and severity. Fire tag is a great way to learn about stand density!

 

The fun and educational open house was also featured in The Berkeley Graduate.

In April for Cal Day, Berkeley’s Student Association for Fire Ecology joined the American Indian Graduate Student Association to host Native American high school students and their families for an intro to the many opportunities at Cal. Graduate students presented hands-on activities about tree rings and drought, cultural use of fire, forest ecology, and even some fire management dress-up!

 

Photos courtesy of AIGSA

 

 

Spring Semester Updates!

Spring semester has been full of good news in the Battles Lab! We are happy to welcome two PhD students in the fall, Joan Dudney and Carmen Tubessing. Carrie Levine has conquered her qualifying exam and advanced to candidacy. Clayton Sodergren was awarded the Babcock Prize, an award to graduating seniors in the College of Natural Resources who have excelled in the discipline of Environmental Science. Jeneya Fertel, with the mentorship of Stella Cousins and John Sanders, recently completed a undergraduate research project entitled “The effect of spring snow regime on tree growth in the Sierra Nevada”. And last but not least, Natalie van Doorn and Maya Hayden presented outstanding finishing talks at the ESPM Graduate Symposium! Natalie will soon begin at postdoctoral appointment at UC Davis collaborating with the USFS on urban forest dynamics.

Warm welcome to visiting student scholars!

Black WillowThis fall our lab group is happy to welcome visiting student researchers Andie Irons and Briana Becerra.

Bri, who is studying forest dynamics using canopy cover, is a junior at CSU Monterey Bay and recently completed an REU at Hubbard Brook. Andi is nearing completion of an MS at SUNY-ESF, where she works with lab alum John Stella. Her research examines changes to the Sacramento River’s riparian forests through time. Andi will soon join the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission as a biologist, focusing on plant and wildlife monitoring in the Tuolumne River watershed.

This fall our lab group is happy to welcome visiting student researchers Andie Irons and Briana Becerra.

Bri, who is studying forest dynamics using canopy cover, is a junior at CSU Monterey Bay and recently completed an REU at Hubbard Brook. Andi is nearing completion of an MS at SUNY-ESF, where she works with lab alum John Stella. Her research examines changes to the Sacramento River’s riparian forests through time. Andi will soon join the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission as a biologist, focusing on plant and wildlife monitoring in the Tuolumne River watershed.

Read more

Extension Excellence

Congratulations to Stella Cousins who continues to shine as a scientist and communicator. She received an inaugural award in the Graduate Training in Cooperative Extension Program to support her work to bring the forest into the classroom. She also successfully competed for a grant from the Renewable Resources Extension Act to expand her smartphone microscope project. Stella’s work with Cooperative Extension and the Forestry Institute for Teachers was recently featured in ESPM’s departmental blog. Check out Bringing Forests into Focus“.

More information on the Graduate Training in Cooperative Extension Program